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Vol. 31. Issue 6.
Pages 306-312 (November - December 2020)
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Vol. 31. Issue 6.
Pages 306-312 (November - December 2020)
Case Report
Neurosarcoidosis presenting with isolated intracranial mass lesion and communicating hydrocephalus
Neurosarcoidosis con lesión de tipo masa intracraneal aislada e hidrocefalia comunicante
Beatriz Novo-Gonzáleza,
Corresponding author
beanovo@yahoo.es

Corresponding author.
, Laura González-Garcíaa, Gloria Samperiz-Abadb, Samira Bakali-Badesac, Juan Alberdi-Viñasa
a Neurosurgery Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
b Internal Medicine Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
c Pathology Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
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Table 1. Proposed criteria for the diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis (Zajicek et al.9).
Abstract

Isolated neurosarcoidosis is a very rare disease, which makes up 5–15% of sarcoidosis cases. Hydrocephalus is a rare clinical feature with a prevalence of 6% among these patients. Considering neurosarcoidosis in the differential diagnosis of a unique parenquimal mass lesion could help in the early identification of this disease.

We report the case of a 27-year-old African man who developed with a sole intracranial mass lesion mimicking radiologically a glioma, which finally came out as an isolated neurosarcoidosis.

There is a difficulty in diagnosis when isolated neurosarcoidosis appears. In addition, the low prevalence of the disease entails a not standardized medical treatment. Natural outcome is poor even when hydrocephalus is resolved. Multimodal treatments including complete pharmacological treatment do not seem to assure a better outcome in these patients until date.

Keywords:
Brain tumor diagnosis
Glioma
Granulomatous disease
Hydrocephalus
Isolated brain neurosarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis
Abbreviations:
CNS
CSF
CT
MRI
Resumen

La neurosarcoidosis cerebral aislada es una enfermedad muy rara, que representa entre el 5-15% de los casos de sarcoidosis. La hidrocefalia es una característica clínica poco frecuente, con una prevalencia del 6% entre estos pacientes. Considerar la neurosarcoidosis en el diagnóstico diferencial de una lesión de tipo masa parenquimatosa única puede ayudar en la identificación temprana de esta enfermedad.

Presentamos el caso de un varón africano de 27 años de edad, que presenta una lesión de tipo masa única intracraneal que simulaba radiológicamente un glioma, y que finalmente se reveló como una neurosarcoidosis aislada.

Es difícil establecer un diagnóstico cuando aparece una neurosarcoidosis cerebral aislada. Además, la baja prevalencia de la enfermedad conlleva un tratamiento médico no estandarizado. El pronóstico natural es malo, incluso cuando se resuelve la hidrocefalia. Hasta la fecha, los tratamientos multimodales, incluido el tratamiento farmacológico completo, no parecen asegurar un mejor resultado en estos pacientes.

Palabras clave:
Diagnóstico de tumores cerebrales
Glioma
Enfermedad granulomatosa
Hidrocefalia
Neurosarcoidosis cerebral aislada
Sarcoidosis

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