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Desafíos de la Biopsia Intraoperatoria: Imitador de Meningioma del Seno Cavernoso
Intraoperative Biopsy Challenges: Cavernous Sinus Meningioma Mimic
Antonio Pérez Serena1,
Corresponding author
antoniopesepese@gmail.com

Corresponding author: Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jiménez, Servicio de anatomía patológica.Ronda Exterior Norte s/n, 21005 Huelva, Spain
, Daisy Paola Martínez Betancourt2
1 Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain
2 Centro de Salud Beas, Beas, Huelva, Spain
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Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 56 años con Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) controlado, quien se presentó con diplopía binocular y una parálisis del sexto par craneal. Las imágenes revelaron una lesión centrada en el seno cavernoso (SC) derecho que provocaba efecto de masa y desplazamiento de estructuras adyacentes. La progresiva afectación de nervios craneales llevó a una intervención quirúrgica. La biopsia intraoperatoria arrojó resultados inconcluyentes, con sospecha inicial de meningioma. El diagnóstico definitivo sólo fue posible tras el análisis histopatológico en parafina, que confirmó un hemangioma del SC. El manejo postoperatorio incluyó control del dolor y corticosteroides en pauta descendente. La paciente permanece estable bajo seguimiento multidisciplinario. Este caso destaca los desafíos diagnósticos de las lesiones del SC y las limitaciones de la biopsia intraoperatoria para diferenciar tumores vasculares, de meningiomas y otras neoplasias del SC como los schwannomas.

Palabras clave:
Seno cavernoso
biopsia intraoperatoria
meningioma
hemangioma cavernoso
Abstract

We report the case of a 56-year-old female patient with controlled Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) who presented with binocular diplopia and a known sixth cranial nerve palsy. Imaging revealed a lesion centered in the right cavernous sinus (CS) causing mass effect and displacement of adjacent structures. Progressive cranial nerve involvement led to surgical intervention. Intraoperative biopsy yielded inconclusive results, with initial suspicion pointing toward meningioma. Definitive diagnosis was only possible after paraffin-embedded histopathology confirmed a CS hemangioma. Postoperative management included pain control and corticosteroid tapering. The patient remains stable under multidisciplinary follow-up. This case underscores the diagnostic challenges of CS lesions and the limitations of intraoperative biopsy in differentiating vascular tumors from meningiomas and other CS neoplasms such as schwannomas should be taken into account.

Keywords:
Cavernous sinus
intraoperative biopsy
meningioma
cavernous hemangioma

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