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Vol. 14. Issue 6.
Pages 517-525 (January 2003)
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Vol. 14. Issue 6.
Pages 517-525 (January 2003)
Meningioma: Un modelo de evolución citogenética en la iniciación y progresión tumoral
Meningioma: A model of cytogenetic evolution in tumoral initiation and progresión
C. López-Ginés
Corresponding author
concha.lopezf@uv.es

Correspondencia postal: Departamento de Patología. Facultad de Medicina. Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 17. 46010 Valencia.
, R. Gil-Benso, M. Collado-Díaz, M. Gregori-Romero, M. Cerda-Nicolás
Departamento de Patología. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Valencia
P. Roldán*, J. Barberá*
* Departamento de Neurocirugía. Hospital Clínico. Universidad deValencia
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Resumen

Los meningiomas son tumores del sistema nervioso central con amplia heterogeneidad morfológica. Aunque son generalmente benignos, tienen la capacidad de evolucionar a un grado histológico mayor (atípico y anaplásico) que está relacionado con un incremento de su agresividad biológica y/o la capacidad de recidivar. Esta evolución se caracteriza a nivel citogenético por la monosomía total o parcial del cromosoma 22 en la etapa más temprana, seguida de cambios cromosómicos secundarios tanto numéricos como estructurales durante la progresión tumoral.

En este trabajo presentamos una revisión sobre 85 casos de meningiomas, 43 benignos, 28 atípicos y 14 malignos, estudiando sus características clínicas, histopatológicas y citogenéticas, obteniéndose que la introducción de anomalías numéricas como la monosomía 10, 14 y 18, y anomalías estructurales como deleciones del cromosoma lp están directamente relacionadas con los tumores de mayor agresividad, y especialmente, la combinación de alteraciones en el cromosoma lp y 14 se presenta con mayor frecuencia en los meningiomas atípicos y anaplásicos. Estos hechos significan que la presencia de cariotipos complejos aumenta progresivamente desde los meningiomas de grado I a los meningiomas de grado III. Así mismo, estos cariotipos son los más habituales en los tumores recidivantes.

Palabras clave:
Meningioma benigno
atípico
anaplásico
Citogenética
Cromosoma 1, 14 y 22
Summary

Meningiomas are tumors of the central nervous system with a great morphological heterogeneity. They are generally benign, and have the capacity to progress to a higher histological grade (atypical and anaplastic), which is associated with an increase in biological aggressivity and/or capacity to recur. Citogenetically this evolution is characterized by total or partial monosomy 22 in the early phase, continued by numerical and structural changes during tumor progression.

In this study, we present a review of 85 cases of meningiomas: 43 benign, 28 atypical and 14 anaplastic. We study the clinical and histopathological features, and their correlation with cytogenetie abnormalities present in these tumors. Numerical aberrations such as monosomy of chromosome 10, 14 and 18, and structural abnormalities such as deletions on lp are directly associated with a higher agressivity of tumors. An association of aberatons on lp and chromosome 14 are more commonly found in atypical and anaplastic meningiomas. These facts imply that the presence of complex karyotypes progressively increases from grade I to grade III meningiomas. Furthermore, these karyotypes are common in recurrent tumors.

Key words:
Benign atypical and anaplastic meningiomas
Cytogenetics
Chromosome 1, 14 and 22

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