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Vol. 22. Issue 1.
Pages 44-49 (January 2011)
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Vol. 22. Issue 1.
Pages 44-49 (January 2011)
Apoplejía pituitaria. Revisión del tema
Pituitary apoplexy. A review
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R. Serramito-García*,**, A. García-Allut*,**, A.N. Arcos-Algaba**, D. Castro-Bouzas**, J.M. Santín-Amo**, M. Gelabert-González**
*. Sección de Cirugía Hipofisaria, Hospital Clínico Universitario. Santiago de Compostela
**. del Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universitario. Santiago de Compostela
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Resumen

La apoplejía pituitaria es un síndrome caracterizado por una necrosis o hemorragia en el seno de un tumor hipofisario. Clínicamente cursa con cefalea repentina, signos de irritación meníngea, alteraciones en la agudeza visual, incluso ceguera y en ocasiones disminución del nivel de conciencia. Para el diagnóstico es fundamental la realización de pruebas radiológicas, siendo la de elección la resonancia magnética. El tratamiento consiste en la descompresión quirúrgica sellar transesfenoidal urgente y terapia sustitutiva con altas dosis de corticoides.

Palabras clave:
Apoplejía pituitaria
Cirugía transesfenoidal
Hemorragia
Factores precipitantes
Summary

Pituitary apoplexy constitutes a syndrome that is characterized by the ischemic infarction or hemorrhage into a pituitary tumour. Clinically the patient develops sudden headache, meningismus, visual disturbances, even blindness, and occasionally decrease in level of consciousness. To diagnose it is basic to perform a cerebral MRI. Treatment consists in urgent sellar decompression by transsphenoidal surgery and substitute therapy with steroids.

Key words:
Pituitary apoplexy
Transsphenoidal surgery
Hemorrhage
Precipitanting factors

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