Journal Information
Vol. 9. Issue 1.
Pages 74-78 (January 1998)
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Vol. 9. Issue 1.
Pages 74-78 (January 1998)
Temporalis muscle fixation in pterional craniotomy. Technical note
Fijación del músculo temporal en la craniectomía pterional
V. Vanaclocha
Servicio de Neurocirugía. Clínica Universitaria, Universidad de Navarra. Pamplona, Navarra (España)
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Summary

Temporal muscle asymmetry following a pterional craniotomy can be a bothersome cosmetic and functional problem. A number of incisions in the temporalis muscle have been proposed for optimal exposure in intracranial procedures, preservation of the temporal muscle anatomy and protection of the frontal branch of the facial nerve. The interfascial temporal flap technique described by Yasargil and colleagues provides excellent exposure along the sphenoid ridge. On closing the temporalis muscle is sutured posteriorly but not superiorly to the superior temporal line. This commonly results in an inferior retraction of the muscle, creating a mass along the zygoma and an unsightly depression where the muscle was separated from the skull. Several techniques have been described to reattach the temporalis muscle at the end of the procedure. We describe a method that provides the advantage of a free bone flap, yet allowing an anatomical re-approximation of the temporalis muscle to its bone attachment. That is achieved by means of several «V» holes performed at 5mm above the superior temporal lineo This technique provides a reliable preservation of temporal muscle bulk and function with little additional operating time and no compromise in the operative exposure. No foreign materials are used so that no increased costs are entailed.

Key words:
Temporalis muscle
Operative technique
Craniotomy
Pterional approach
Resumen

La asimetría del músculo temporal tras craniotomías pterionales puede llegar a constituir un problema estético y funcional. Se han propuesto un buen número de incisiones del músculo temporal con los objetivos de obtener un abordaje óptimo a la patología intracraneal, preservación de la anatomía del músculo temporal y la protección de las ramas temporo-faciales del nervio facial. El abordaje interfascial descrito por Yasargil y colaboradores proporciona una exposición excelente a lo largo del borde esfenoidal. Al cerrar el músculo temporal se sutura posteriormente pero no superiormente a nivel de la línea temporal superior. Esto con frecuencia induce la retracción de este músculo inferiormente, creando con ello una masa a lo largo dele arco zigomático y una depresión antiestética inmediatamente por encima. Se han descrito varias técnicas para re-insertar el músculo temporal al final del procedimiento quirúrgico. En el presente artículo se describe un método que proporciona las ventajas del colgajo óseo libre, mientras que permite la reaproximación del músculo temporal a su lugar de inserción ósea previa. Esto se consigue por medio de varios agujeros en «V» practicados a 5 mm por encima de la línea temporal superior. Esta técnica permite la conservación del volumen y función del músculo temporal, requiriendo poco tiempo y no comprometiendo el abordaje quirúrgico. No se han empleado cuerpos extraños, por lo que no hay incremento de los costos.

Palabras clave:
Músculo temporal
Técnica quirúrgica
Craniotomía
Abordaje Pterional

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