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Vol. 8. Issue 1.
Pages 29-35 (January 1997)
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Vol. 8. Issue 1.
Pages 29-35 (January 1997)
Secuelas neuropsicológicas y reinserción sociolaboral en los traumatismos cráneo-encefálicos
A.J. Mendoza Roca, M. Poza y Poza
Servicio de Neurocirugía. Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca. El Palmar, Murcia
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Resumen

Se ha estudiado un grupo de 281 pacientes con traumatismos cráneo-encefálicos 5–6 años después del accidente. Se clasificaron en grupos, en función de la ECG (Escala de Coma de Glasgow), edad y tipo de trabajo. Los enfermos se valoraron en relación con la presencia de un síndrome postraumático, funciones intelectuales, readaptación familiar, laboral y psicosocial y autopercepción.

Se obtienen las siguientes conclusiones: 1) Los síntomas del síndrome postraumático persisten hasta 6 años después del accidente. 2) Existe una relación entre la puntuación de la ECG y el deterioro de las funciones mentales. En estos casos, hemos encontrado dificultad en la relación con familiares y amigos. La autopercepción tiende a deteriorarse. 3) Los trabajadores manuales se recuperan peor que los intelectuales. 4) Existe una relación entre el aumento de la edad y las alteraciones cognoscitivas.

Palabras clave:
Traumatismo cráneo-encefálico
Secuelas neuropsicológicas
Síndrome postraumático
Funciones intelectuales
Readaptación social
Summary

A group of 281 head injury patients were studied 5 to 6 years after trauma. They were classified into different subgroups, depending on the Glasgow Coma Score, the age and the type of laboral activity. Patients were evaluated in relation to the existence of a post-traumatic syndrome, intellectual functions, psychosocial, labour and family readaptation and self-perception.

It is concluded that: 1) Symptoms of post-traumatic syndrome may persist more than 6 years after injury. 2) There is a relationship between the low GCS score and the impairment of mental functions. In these cases, we have found difficultties in family relationship and connections with friends. Self-perception tends to deteriorate. 3) Manual workers had a worse recovery than intellectual ones. 4) There is a link between aging and cognoscitive deficits.

Key words:
Head injury
Neuropsychological sequelae
Post-traumatic syndrome
Intellectual functions
Social readaptation

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