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Vol. 8. Issue 3.
Pages 183-198 (January 1997)
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Vol. 8. Issue 3.
Pages 183-198 (January 1997)
Tumores de región pineal: manejo, tratamiento quirúrgico y seguimiento de 21 casos
Pineal region tumors. Management and outcome of 21 cases
S. Pardo, J.M. Fernández Villa, J. Molet, B. Oliver, P. Tresserras, P. Parés, F. Bartumeus
Servicio de Neurocirugía. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona
Ll. Colomo*
* Servicio de Anatomía patológica. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona
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Resumen

Revisamos el tratamiento y los resultados de una serie de 21 pacientes con lesiones de región pineal. De los 21 casos en diecinueve se realizó cirugía abierta. Nuestra serie incluye: 5 germinomas, 1 teratoma atípico, 2 teratomas maduros, 1 tumor mixto, 3 pineoblastomas, 1 pineocitoma, 2 gliomas, 1 cordoma, 2 quistes aracnoideos y una metástasis. Los otros dos tumores fueron catalogados como germinomas.

El estudio preoperatorio debe incluir RM craneoespinal con y sin contraste, citología de LCR y valoración de marcadores tumorales en suero y LCR.

Nosotros pensamos que el manejo correcto de estas lesiones requiere abordaje quirúrgico para diagnóstico histológico. Dicho abordaje vendrá determinado por las imágenes de la RM preoperatoria y la extensión tumoral. El tratamiento postoperatorio debe basarse en la histología y la extensión de la lesión.

Los procesos benignos deben tratarse únicamente con cirugía. La radioterapia craneoespinal y quimioterapia deben ser administradas en aquellos pacientes con lesiones altamente malignas, diseminación meníngea, metástasis extraneural o citología positiva.

En nuestra serie la mortalidad operatoria es nula y la morbilidad mínima.

Palabras clave:
Tumor pineal
Radioterapia
Quimioterapia
Germinoma
Marcadores tumorales
Citología LCR
Summary

The management and outcome of 21 patients with tumors in the pineal region are reviewed. Nineteen patients underwent direct surgical approach. The identified tumors included: 5 germinomas, 1 atypical teratoma, 2 mature teratomas, 1 mixed tumor, 3 pineoblastomas, 1 pineocytoma, 2 gliomas, 1 cordoma, 2 cyst and 1 metastasis. Two others were presumptively germinomas.

Preoperative staging should inCIude craniospinal MR imaging with and without gadolinium, CSF sampling for cytology, and measurement of tumor markers in serum and CSF.

The authors believe that the preferred treatment for pineal tumors requires surgery with a histological diagnosis. Surgical approach is determined by the results of preoperative MR and the extension of the tumor. Postoperative treatment is based on histopathology and extension of the disease.

Benign tumors are treated with surgery only. Craniospinal irradiation and systemic chemotherapy should be administered to those patients with malignant tumors, showing meningeal seeding, extraneural metastasis, or positive CSF cytology.

There were no operative deaths and morbidity was minimal in our 21 patients.

Key words:
Pineal tumors
Radiation therapy
Chemotherapy
Germinoma
Tumor markers
CSF cytology

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