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Vol. 27. Issue 3.
Pages 103-111 (May - June 2016)
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Vol. 27. Issue 3.
Pages 103-111 (May - June 2016)
Investigación clínica
Hematoma subdural crónico bilateral: análisis de una serie de 190 pacientes
Bilateral chronic subdural haematoma: Analysis of a series of 190 patients
Miguel Gelabert-Gonzáleza,b,
Corresponding author
miguel.gelabert.gonzalez@sergas.es

Autor para correspondencia.
, Eduardo Arán-Echabea,b, Francisco Javier Bandín-Diégueza,b, José María Santín-Amoa,b, Ramón Serramito-Garcíaa,b, Ángel Prieto-Gonzáleza,b, Alfredo García-Alluta,b
a Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, España
b Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, España
Article information
Abstract
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Figures (3)
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Tables (4)
Tabla 1. Características generales de las series estudio y control
Tabla 2. Complicaciones y resultados
Tabla 3. Análisis univariante de factores relacionados con la recidiva en hematomas bilaterales
Tabla 4. Series publicadas de HSC bilateral
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Resumen
Objetivos

Analizar las características clínicas, los factores de recidiva y el resultado quirúrgico de un grupo de pacientes con hematoma subdural crónico bilateral (HSCB) y compararlos con una serie de hematomas subdurales crónicos unilaterales (HSCU).

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio retrospectivo que incluye a 1.523 pacientes, tratados quirúrgicamente durante un período de 30 años, de un hematoma subdural crónico. Los pacientes se dividieron en 2 grupos: el de estudio formado por 190 pacientes que presentaban un HSCB y el control formado por 1.333 pacientes que presentaban un HSCB.

Resultados

La serie de estudio está formada por 126 varones (66,3%) y 64 mujeres (33,7%) con una edad media de 74,8±10,2 años. En el grupo control hay 870 varones (65,2%) y 463 mujeres (34,8%) con una edad media de 73,2%±12,1. El síntoma de inicio más frecuente fue el deterioro cognitivo en 63 pacientes (33,2%) en los bilaterales y en 416 (29,5%) en los unilaterales. Se produjeron 18 casos de recidiva (9,4%) en los bilaterales y 77 (5,7%) en los unilaterales (p=0,027). La mortalidad fue de 10 casos (5,2%) en los bilaterales y de 55 (4%) en el grupo control. Se encontraron como factores significativos de recidiva: sexo masculino (p=0,022), la ingesta de fármacos anticoagulantes/antiagregantes (p=0,032) y la mala situación clínica al ingreso (p = 0,039).

Conclusiones

El HSCB afecta de manera importante a los varones y la forma de presentación más habitual es la cefalea. Los factores más importantes que influyen en las recidivas son el sexo masculino, la ingesta de fármacos anticoagulantes/antiagregantes y la peor situación clínica al ingreso. Los índices de recidiva fueron significativamente superiores a los unilaterales.

Palabras clave:
Bilateral
Escala de Markwalder
Hematoma subdural crónico
Recidiva
Tomografía computarizada
Unilateral
Abstract
Objective

The aim of this study is to analyse the clinical findings and surgical results in a series of patients with bilateral chronic subdural haematoma (BCSDH), and compare the results with a series of patients treated for unilateral chronic subdural haematoma (UCSDH).

Patients and methods

A retrospective study was performed on 1523 patients diagnosed and surgically treated for chronic subdural haematoma over a period of 30 years. Patients were divided into 2 groups: The study group consisting of 190 patients operated on for a BCSDH and the control group consisting of patients operated on for an UCSDH (1333 cases).

Results

The patient series included 126 males (66.3%) and 64 females (33.7%), with a mean age at diagnosis of 74.8±10.2. The control group consisted of 870 males (65.2%) and 463 women (34.8%), with a mean age of 73.2±12.1. The most common presenting symptoms was cognitive impairment in 63 patients (33.2%) with BCSDH and 416 (29.5%) with UCSDH. Recurrence rates were 9.4% (18 patients) and 5.7% (77 patients) in unilateral and bilateral haematomas, respectively. The mortality was 10 patients (5.2%) with BCSDH and 55(4%) with UCSDH. Factors significantly related to recurrence in the univariate analysis were being male (P=.040), anticoagulant/antiplatelet therapy (P=.032), and poor neurological status at admission (P=.039).

Conclusions

This study indicates that BCSDH is more frequent in males, and the most common presentation is headache. The most important factors influencing recurrences are being male, intake of anticoagulant-antiaggregant drugs, and worse clinical status at admission.

Keywords:
Bilateral
Markwalder scale
Chronic subdural haematoma
Recurrence
Computed tomography
Unilateral

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