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Vol. 26. Issue 1.
Pages 32-38 (January - February 2015)
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Vol. 26. Issue 1.
Pages 32-38 (January - February 2015)
Investigación clínica
Pacientes con hemorragia subaracnoidea en mala situación neurológica, estudio de factores pronósticos
Patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage in poor grade neurological status: Study of prognostic factors
Coralia Sosa-Pérez
Corresponding author
, Jesús Morera-Molina, Carlos Espino-Postigo, Aruma Jiménez-O'Shanahan
Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, España
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Tables (3)
Tabla 1. Características clínicas de los 121 pacientes con hemorragia subaracnoidea y grados iv o v de la clasificación de la World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies al ingreso
Tabla 2. Resultado clínico final
Tabla 3. Variable resultado
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Resumen
Objetivo

Evaluar y predecir factores que influyan en el pronóstico y/o resultado clínico a los 6 meses de pacientes con hemorragia subaracnoidea espontánea, en grados iv y v de la World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS).

Material y métodos

Estudio retrospectivo de una serie consecutiva de 394 pacientes que ingresaron en nuestro hospital, con diagnóstico clínico y radiológico de hemorragia subaracnoidea espontánea, desde el 1 de enero de 1999 hasta el 30 de junio de 2009. Se seleccionaron 121 pacientes que reunían el criterio de estar en grado iv o v de la WFNS antes del tratamiento; se excluyeron 3 pacientes por pérdida de seguimiento. La variable resultado se evaluó a los 6 meses del evento mediante la Escala de Resultados de Glasgow. Se consideró un resultado estadísticamente significativo un valor de p<0,05.

Resultados

Ciento veintiún pacientes se incluyeron en el análisis estadístico. La edad media de la serie fue de 54 años (14-92). Los pacientes que presentaban una puntuación en la Escala de Coma de Glasgow media inferior a 7 puntos (p<0,0001) y un grado de v (p<0,0001) en la escala de la WFNS pretratamiento, así como los que presentaban trastorno pupilar (p=0,002), mostraron un peor resultado clínico final; igualmente, los que asociaron hematoma intraparenquimatoso (p=0,020) y aquellos a los que no se les efectuó ningún tipo de tratamiento (p=0,020) también asociaron un mal resultado clínico final, siendo estos resultados estadísticamente significativos.

Conclusiones

Los pacientes que ingresan con una gradación de v en la escala de la WFNS y/o presentan trastorno pupilar y/o hematoma intraparenquimatoso asocian un peor resultado clínico final.

Palabras clave:
Aneurisma intracraneal
Hemorragia subaracnoidea
Escala de Coma de Glasgow
Escala de Resultados de Glasgow
Evaluación de resultados de intervenciones terapéuticas
Cirugía
Abstract
Objective

To evaluate and predict factors influencing prognosis and/or clinical outcome at 6 months in patients with spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage, World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grades iv and v.

Material and methods

This was a retrospective study of a consecutive series of 394 patients admitted to our hospital with clinical and radiological diagnosis of spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage, from 1 January 1999 to 30 June 2009. We selected 121 patients who met the criteria of being in WFNS grades iv or v before treatment; 3 patients were excluded due to loss of tracking. The outcome variable was assessed 6 months after the event using the Glasgow Outcome Scale. A P value<.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

One hundred and twenty-one patients were included in the statistical analysis. The average age of the patients in the series was 54 years (14-92). Patients who had a mean Glasgow Coma Scale lower than 7 points (P<.0001), those who were grade v (P<.0001) in the pre-treatment WFNS scale and those with pupillary disorder (P=.002) had a worse clinical outcome. Likewise, those with associated intraparenchymal hematoma (P=.020) and those not receiving any treatment (P=.020) were also associated with a poor clinical outcome. These results were statistically significant.

Conclusions

Patients admitted with a WFNS grade v and/or presenting pupil disorder and/or intraparenchymal hematoma were associated with worse clinical outcomes.

Keywords:
Intracranial aneurysm
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
Glasgow Coma Scale
Glasgow Outcome Scale
Evaluation of results of therapeutic interventions
Surgery

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