Journal Information
Vol. 24. Issue 2.
Pages 70-77 (March - April 2013)
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Vol. 24. Issue 2.
Pages 70-77 (March - April 2013)
Artículo especial
Importancia neuroquirúrgica del complejo venoso petroso superior
Neurosurgical importance of the superior petrosal venous complex
Alejandro Monroy-Sosaa,
Corresponding author
ms_aleks@hotmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, Gonzalo Mendoza-Falcóna, Mario Alberto Macías-Duvignaua, Gervith Reyes-Sotoa,b,c,d, Yolanda Cardenas-Garcíaa, Rafael Mendizábal-Guerraa,b,c,d, Albert L. Rhoton Jr.d
a Laboratorio de Neuroanatomía, Coordinación de Ciencias Morfológicas, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México DF, México
b Servicio de Neurocirugía, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México DF, México
c Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Juárez de México, México DF, México
d Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, Estados Unidos
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Tabla 1. Venas tributarias que forman el complejo venoso petroso superior
Resumen
Objetivo

Conocer la anatomía microquirúrgica del complejo venoso petroso superior (CVPS).

Material y métodos

Se realizó estudio descriptivo y prospectivo. Se utilizaron 6 especímenes (12 lados) inyectados. Se estudió la anatomía microquirúrgica del CVPS en los encéfalos, mediante un abordaje retrosigmoideo y transpetroso anterior. Se utilizó instrumental neuroquirúrgico, endoscopio rígido de 0 grados, microscopio quirúrgico OPMI-1 con magnificación 6× a 20×. Se analizó el patrón de drenaje hacia el seno petroso superior, la formación de las venas tributarias, la relación con el nervio trigémino y las variantes del CVPS.

Resultados

El CVPS se encontró en todos los lados, la vena tributaria que se encontró en el 100% de los lados fue la vena de la fisura cerebelopontina. El patrón de drenaje del CVPS fue dividido en relación a la cresta suprameatal en: lateral, medial y en un punto intermedio. Se encontró el CVPS simple, formado por un tronco con sus tributarias, en 8 lados y duplicado en 4 lados. En el estudio se observó un triángulo formado por el tentorio, el CVPS y parte de la cara petrosa y tentorial del cerebelo con bordes y contenidos bien definidos, el cual se llamó triángulo petroso-tentorial.

Conclusión

Es necesario entender la anatomía microquirúrgica del CVPS. Así, proponemos el triángulo petroso-tentorial como corredor neuroquirúrgico para el manejo de lesiones del ángulo pontocerebeloso a la región petroclival superior.

Palabras clave:
Complejo venoso petroso superior
Nervio trigémino
Ángulo pontocerebeloso
Fosa posterior
Abstract
Objective

To study the microsurgical anatomy of the superior petrosal venous complex (SPVC).

Material and methods

We conducted a descriptive and prospective study. Six injected specimens were used (12 sides). The microsurgical anatomy of the SPVC was studied by means of an anterior, retrosigmoid and transpetrosal approach. Neurosurgical equipment, 0-degree rigid endoscopy and OPMI-1 surgical microscope with 6× to 20× magnification were all used in this study. The venous drainage pattern toward the superior petrosal sinus was analysed, as were the formation of tributary veins, the relationship with the trigeminal nerve and the anatomical variants of SPVC.

Results

The SPVC was present in all cases. A tributary, cerebellopontine fissure vein was identified in 100% of cases. The venous drainage pattern of the SPVC was divided into medial, intermediate and lateral with respect to the suprameatal crest. The SPVC was simple in 8 sides and duplicate in 4 sides. A triangle formed by the tentorium, the SPVC and part of the tentorial and petrosal surface of the cerebellum was also observed in the study. This triangle was called the petrosal-tentorial triangle.

Conclusions

It is important to understand the microsurgical anatomy of the SPVC. Therefore, we propose the petrosal-tentorial triangle as a neurosurgical route for the management of pathologies from the cerebellopontine angle to the superior petroclival region.

Keywords:
Superior petrosal venous complex
Trigeminal nerve
Cerebellopontine angle
Posterior fossa

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