Journal Information
Vol. 24. Issue 2.
Pages 63-69 (March - April 2013)
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Vol. 24. Issue 2.
Pages 63-69 (March - April 2013)
Investigación clínica
Hematoma subdural crónico en pacientes jóvenes
Chronic subdural hematoma in young patients
Miguel Gelabert-González
Corresponding author
miguel.gelabert@usc.es

Autor para correspondencia.
, Carla Frieiro-Dantas, Ramón Serramito-García, Lucía Díaz-Cabanas, Eduardo Aran-Echabe, María Rico-Cotelo, Alfredo García-Allut
Servicio de Neurocirugía, Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, La Coruña, España
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Statistics
Figures (1)
Tables (2)
Tabla 1. Características clínicas de la serie
Tabla 2. Características clínicas de diferentes series de hematoma subdural crónico
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Resumen
Objetivos

Analizar las características demográficas, clínicas, radiológicas y los resultados quirúrgicos de una serie de pacientes jóvenes con hematoma subdural crónico.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio retrospectivo que incluye 42 pacientes con edad inferior a 40 años diagnosticados y tratados quirúrgicamente de un hematoma subdural crónico durante un período de 30 años (1982-2011).

Resultados

La serie consta de 32 varones y 10 mujeres con una edad media de 29,3±8,9 años (intervalo 4-39). El período transcurrido entre el traumatismo y el inicio de la sintomatología fue de 33,4±9,7 días (intervalo 19-95). Los principales síntomas de presentación fueron la cefalea (59,5%) y las crisis comiciales (21,4%), y los factores predisponentes más frecuentes fueron tener implantada una derivación ventrículo-peritoneal en 5 (11,9%) casos y los trastornos hematológicos en otros 5 (11,9%) pacientes. El hematoma fue derecho en 21 pacientes (50%), izquierdo en 19 (45,3%) y bilateral en los restantes 2 (4,7%). Se produjeron 2 complicaciones postoperatorias: un caso de recidiva y un hematoma subdural agudo sobre la cavidad del hematoma. No se produjeron muertes relacionadas con el tratamiento.

Conclusiones

El hematoma subdural crónico es una patología poco frecuente en las primeras décadas de la vida. Afecta con mayor frecuencia a los varones, y la forma de presentación más habitual es la cefalea. Los índices de recidiva y las complicaciones postoperatorias son significativamente inferiores que las presentes en otros rangos de mayor edad.

Palabras clave:
Coagulopatía
Edad
Factores de riesgo
Hematoma subdural crónico
Quiste aracnoideo
Tomografía computarizada
Abstract
Objective

The objective of this study was to analyse demographic, clinical and radiological findings and surgical results in a series of chronic subdural haematomas (CSDH) in young adult patients.

Patients and methods

This retrospective study included 42 patients under 40 years of age who were diagnosed and surgically treated for a CSDH during a 30-year period (1982-2011).

Results

Of the 42 cases analysed, 32 were males and 10 were females, and the mean age at diagnosis was 29.3±8.9 years (range: 4 to 39 years). The mean interval from trauma to appearance of clinical symptoms was 33.4±9.7 days (range: 19 to 95 days). The main symptoms were headache (59.5%) and seizures (21.4%), and the most frequent predisposing factors were ventriculoperitoneal shunting in 5 (11.9%) patients and haematological disorders in another 5 (11.9%) cases. CSDH was right-sided in 21 cases (50%), left-sided in 19 cases (45.3%) and bilateral in the remaining 2 patients (4.7%). Postoperative complications occurred in 2 patients (1 recurrence and 1 acute subdural haematoma).

Conclusions

CSDH is a rare pathology during the first decades of life. It mainly affects males and headache is usually the first symptom. Prognosis is good in young patients, since postoperative complications and recurrences are less frequent at this age than in older populations.

Keywords:
Coagulopathy
Age
Risk factors
Chronic subdural haematoma
Arachnoid cyst
Computed tomography

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