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Vol. 18. Issue 4.
Pages 301-311 (January 2007)
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Vol. 18. Issue 4.
Pages 301-311 (January 2007)
Estado actual de la psicocirugía en España
Present status of psychosurgery in Spain
J.A. Barcia
, J. Campos
Servicio de Neurocirugía, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Agencia Valenciana de Salud
J.M. Bertolín-Guillén*, J. Barcia-González**, M.E. Hernández**
* Unidad Hospitalaria de Psiquiatría, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Agencia Valenciana de Salud
** Fundación de Investigación, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Agencia Valenciana de Salud
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Resumen

Con el objetivo de recoger el estado actual de la psicocirugía en España y la opinión de los neurocirujanos hacia la misma, se diseñó una encuesta dirigida a todos los neurocirujanos en activo en nuestro país. Respondió al menos un neurocirujano de cada uno los 74 centros neuroquirúrgicos existentes en España (tasa de respuesta=100%). Únicamente 6 neurocirujanos realizaron intervenciones de psicocirugía. En total, se practicaron 111 intervenciones psicoquirúrgicas entre 1999 y 2003. El 75,7% de las mismas se llevó a cabo en centros privados. La indicación más frecuente ha sido el trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo, y la técnica más frecuente la capsulotomía anterior, aunque existe diversidad de indicaciones y técnicas entre los diversos neurocirujanos que la practican. Los que no realizan psicocirugía aducen como motivos la falta de remisión de pacientes (54,4%) y la propia inexperiencia (36,8%). La sospecha de una posible falta de eficacia o los posibles efectos adversos no son planteados frecuentemente. La posibilidad del empleo de la estimulación cerebral profunda en la psicocirugía, junto con la experiencia de algunos neurocirujanos y la opinión favorable del resto, puede dar lugar en el futuro a un mayor número de intervenciones en nuestro país.

Palabras clave:
Psicocirugía
España
Actitud
Encuesta de opinión
Abreviaturas:
ECP
TOC
Summary

In order to know the present activity of psychosurgery in Spain, and the opinion of neurosurgeons relative to it, a survey was designed and applied to all active neurosurgeons in our country. We obtained data from at least one neurosurgeon from the 74 neurosurgical centers in Spain (response rate= 100%). Only 6 neurosurgeons performed psychosurgical interventions. In total, 121 psychosurgeries were performed between 1999 and 2003, 75.7% of them in private centers. The most frequent indication is obsessive-compulsive disorder and the most frequent technique is anterior capsulotomy, although techniques and indications differ among the practising neurosurgeons. Those not performing them cite lack of patient referral (54.4%) or unexperience (36.8%) as the causes. A suspected lack of efficacy or the possible adverse effects are seldom expressed. The possibility of using deep brain stimulation for psychiatric indications, as well as the experience of some neurosurgeons and the favorable opinion of the rest, might increase the number of operations in our country.

Key words:
Psychosurgery
Spain
Attitude
Questionnaire survey

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