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Vol. 14. Issue 1.
Pages 33-40 (January 2003)
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Vol. 14. Issue 1.
Pages 33-40 (January 2003)
Tumores cerebrales congénitos: presentación de nueve casos y revisión de la literatura
Congenital brain tumors: nine cases and review of the literature
J. Hinojosa
Corresponding author
jhinojosa@hdoc.insalud.es

Correspondenciapostal: Servicio de Neurocirugía Pediátrica. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. 28041-Madrid.
, J. Esparza, M.J. Muñoz
Servicio de Neurocirugía Pediátrica. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid
A. Muñoz*
* Servicio de Neurorradiología Infantil. Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Madrid
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Resumen
Objetivo

Revisar los tumores cerebrales congénitos (pacientes menores de dos meses) diagnosticados en nuestro servicio.

Material y métodos

Entre 1983 y 2001 se diagnosticaron nueve tumores cerebrales congénitos de un total de 484 tumores cerebrales infantiles (pacientes menores de 15 años). Se analizan las características clínicas y radiológicas de estos tumores y los factores que influyen en su pronóstico final.

Resultados

Dos de los tumores fueron teratomas, dos glioblastomas multiformes, un xantogranuloma del seno cavernoso, un PNET supratentorial y un meduloblastoma y un oligodendroglioma. En uno no fue posible obtener diagnóstico anatomopatológico. En cuatro casos el diagnóstico se realizó prenatalmente mediante ecografía intrauterina. Siete pacientes fueron operados, produciéndose un exitus intraoperatorio. Cinco casos fallecieron por progresión tumoral en los primeros 2 meses tras la cirugía. Un caso más no fue intervenido y falleció en el 5o día de vida. Tres pacientes están vivos 14,36 y 72 meses después de la intervención, respectivamente, uno de ellos con retraso psicomotor severo, otro con coeficiente intelectual normal pero con tratamiento anticomicial y el último con retraso leve. El último caso de la serie corresponde a un feto muerto intraútero en la semana 33 de gestación, en el que no fue posible disponer de la histología tumoral.

Conclusiones

El pronóstico de los tumores cerebrales congénitos depende de la morbilidad intraoperatoria y de la histología del tumor. En general, el pronóstico actual sigue siendo muy desfavorable.

Palabras clave:
Tumor congénito
Tumor cerebral infantil
Periodo neonatal
Summary
Objective

To review congenital brain tumors patients younger than 2 months diagnosed in our Department.

Patients and methods

Nine congenital brain tumors were diagnosed between 1983 and 2001 among a consecutive serie of 484 paediatric cerebral tumors (patients less than 15 years). Clinical and radiological findings and prognostic factors are analyzed.

Results

There were two teratomas, two glioblastomas, one xanthogranuloma affecting cavernous sinus, one supratentorial PNET and one medulloblastoma and one oligodendroglioma. In one case histological diagnosis was not possible. In four cases antenatal diagnosis was done by means of ultrasonography and MRI. Seven patients were operated on, with one intraoperative exitus. Five patients died due to tumoral progression in the first two months after surgery. Another case was considered not amenable for surgical resection, and thus was not operated. He died in the fifth day of life. Three patients are alive 14, 36 and 72 months after surgery, one with severe psicomotor delay, another one with normal mental status but dependent on seizures medication and the last one with mild mental delay. In the last case of our serie intrauterine death happened by 33rd week and histological diagnosis was not possible.

Conclusions

Prognosis for congenital brain tumors depends on the operative morbidity and tumor histology. However final prognosis in these patients is still discouraging, despite early surgery and operative and anaesthetic improvements.

Key words:
Congenital tumor
Child brain tumor
Neonatal period

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