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Vol. 13. Issue 4.
Pages 311-315 (January 2002)
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Vol. 13. Issue 4.
Pages 311-315 (January 2002)
Golfo yugular prominente y su repercusión en la cirugía de los neurinomas del acústico
High jugular bulb and its relationship with acoustic neurinoma surgery
F. Morales-Ramos
, A. Muñoz-Herrera, A. Pastor-Zapata, M. Caballero-Sibrian, D. Santamarta-Gómez
Servicios de Neurocirugía y Otorrinolaringología. Hospital Universitario de Salamanca. Salamanca
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Resumen

El golfo de la yugular es una estructura venosa que se encuentra en la fosa yugular de la pirámide petrosa y que está formada por la confluencia de los senos sigmoideo, petroso inferior y de la vena yugular. Se han descrito variaciones en su tamaño, localización y relación con respecto al conducto auditivo interno (CAI). Cuando esta estructura venosa es medial y dista menos de 2mm de la pared posterior del CAI, se le denomina golfo yugular alto o prominente. Esta variante anatómica representa una importante dificultad para el acceso quirúrgico a la porción intracanalicular de los neurinomas del acústico cuando son abordados por vía retrosigmoidea. Asimismo, si el cirujano no es consciente de esta anomalía, puede tener graves repercusiones quirúrgicas como hemorragia profusa o embolismo aéreo.

Presentamos el caso de un paciente con un schwannoma del acústico en el que se diagnosticó un golfo yugular prominente mediante estudios preoperatorios de TC. Para controlar esta estructura venosa, se realizó una apertura longitudinal del CAI, llevándose a cabo una exéresis total del tumor y respetándose la función del nervio facial.

Concluimos que los estudios radiológicos preoperatorios de la cirugía de los schwannomas del acústico deben incluir RM y TC craneal siendo necesarias, en esta última, ventanas óseas con cortes finos de 1.5mm para poder identificar una posible presencia de un golfo yugular prominente.

Palabras claves:
Golfo yugular prominente
Golfo yugular alto
Schwannoma del acústico
Neurinoma del acústico
Anomalías de las venas yugulares
Summary

The jugular bulb is formed by the junction of the sigmoid sinus, inferior petrous sinus and the jugular vein. It is housed in the jugular fossa of the petrous pyramid. Variations in its size, location and relationship to the internal acoustic canal (IAC) have been reported. When the jugular bulb is located medial and less than 2mm from the posterior wall of the internal acoustic canal, it is named as high jugular bulb.

If the surgeon is not aware of this variation, damage to this structure can result in profuse haemorrhage and air embolism. This anatomical change also makes difficult the access to the intracanalicular portion of acoustic neurinomas when these tumours are excised by a retrosigmoid approach.

We present the case of a patient with an acoustic schwannoma in whom a preoperative axial cranial CT revealed a high jugular bulb. To control this venous structure, we opened the IAC in a longitudinal manner achieving a total excision of the lesion preserving the function of the facial nerve.

We conclude that preoperative radiological investigations in acoustic schwannomas surgery should include cranial MR and TC, to rule out the presence of a high jugular bulb. Cranial axial CT including bony windows and slices of 1.5mm thick, should be carried out to exelude a high jugular bulb.

Key words:
High jugular bulb
Acoustic neurinoma
Acoustic schwannoma
Jugular veins abnormalities

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