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Vol. 19. Issue 5.
Pages 416-426 (January 2008)
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Vol. 19. Issue 5.
Pages 416-426 (January 2008)
Estimulación eléctrica vagal en el tratamiento de la epilepsia rebelde. Situación actual
Vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of refractory epilepsy. State of the art
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2420
G. García-March
Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia
M.J. Sánchez-Ledesma*, J. Broseta*
* Cátedra de Neurocirugía, Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad de Salamanca. Salamanca
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Resumen

La estimulación intermitente vagal es una técnica de neuroestimulación de reciente incorporación en el tratamiento de pacientes con epilepsia refractaria al tratamiento farmacológico convencional. Hasta el momento presente y, a pesar de algunos resultados dispares, se ha mostrado como una alternativa eficaz y segura en el tratamiento de estos pacientes. El presente trabajo de revisión pretende acercar la técnica quirúrgica de implantación, comentar las indicaciones y resultados obtenidos hasta la actualidad, y profundizar en los posibles mecanismos de acción de este tipo de estimulación, para finalmente realizar una aproximación crítica a la misma, intentando puntualizar cúales han sido los problemas e inconvenientes que han impedido la utilización generalizada de esta alternativa quirúrgica antiepiléptica.

Palabras clave:
Epilepsia
Estimulación eléctrica vagal
Seguridad y eficacia
Mecanismos de acción
Summary

The vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy is a new neurostimulation technique used for treating pharmacoresistant epilepsy. It can be considered an effective and safe alternative for the treatment of refractory epilepsy patients. In the present review, we describe the surgical implantation technique, its indications and results achieved until now. We will also summarize the possible mechanisms of action of VNS therapy. Finally, we will comment on the difficulties and inconvenients that did not allow this antiepileptic surgical technique to become more widely used.

Key words:
Epilepsy
Vagus nerve stimulation
Save and efficacy
Action mechanisms

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