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Vol. 21. Issue 3.
Pages 253-259 (January 2010)
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Vol. 21. Issue 3.
Pages 253-259 (January 2010)
Anatomía aplicada de las fontanelas
Applied anatomy of the fontanelles
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J.L. Bustamante
Corresponding author
jorgeluisbustamante@hotmail.com

Correspondencia: Cátedra de Anatomía “C”. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
, L.A. Miquelini, A.M. Fontana
Cátedra de Anatomía “C”. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. La Plata. Buenos Aires. Argentina
M. D’Agustini*
* Servicio de Neurocirugía. Hospital de Niños de La Plata “Sor María Ludovica”. La Plata. Buenos Aires. Argentina
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Article information
Resumen
Objetivo

Describir la anatomía de las fontanelas y actualizar las aplicaciones del conocimiento de las mismas.

Métodos

Se utilizaron 7 preparados cadavéricos de cabezas fetales, 2 cráneos secos y 2 huesos frontales, se analizaron 48 fontanelas anteriores de pacientes pediátricos con y sin patología asociada, así como también casos quirúrgicos y neuroecografías. Dichas estructuras fueron sometidas a mediciones y posterior análisis.

Resultado

Se evidenció las medidas, estructura y límites de las fontanelas en las cabezas y cráneos fetales, así como la evaluación de pacientes pediátricos y las medidas de las fontanelas en diferentes patologías.

Conclusión

Debido a sus características anatómicas, las fontanelas son una verdadera ventana al endocráneo, lo que determina sus múltiples aplicaciones clínico-quirúrgicas.

Palabras clave:
Anatomía
Fontanelas
Neuroecografía
Punciones
Abreviaturas:
AL
DC
DS
FA
FP
PC
PL
SNC
Summary
Objective

To make a description of the anatomy of fontanelles and to update what is currently known about their applications.

Method

7 cadaveric heads, 2 dry skulls and 2 frontal bones of foetus were used, and 48 anterior fontanelles from paediatric patients with or without associated pathology were examined. Surgical cases and neurosonography were also used. All the structures were measured and subsequently analysed.

Results

The size, structure and limits of the fontanelles were evidenced in the cadaveric head and skulls, as well as the evaluation of paediatric patients and the size of their fontanelles in different pathologies.

Conclusion

Owing to their anatomical characteristics, fontanelles are a true window to the inside of the skull, which determines their multiple clinical and surgical applications.

Key words:
Anatomy
Fontanelles
Neurosonography
Puncture

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